By Trevor Hunnicutt and David Lawder
WASHINGTON (Reuters) – U.S. President Joe Biden will call on Wednesday for sharply higher tariffs on Chinese metal products as part of a package of policies aimed at pleasing steelworkers in the swing state of Pennsylvania, at the risk of angering Beijing.
In campaign stops in the “Steel City” of Pittsburgh, Biden is expected to propose raising to 25% the tariffs imposed by his predecessor Donald Trump on Chinese steel and aluminum products, according to an administration official.
The products targeted currently face up to a 7.5% levy under a Trump-era policy under Section 301 of the U.S. trade law, which Biden ordered a review of in 2022.
The Biden administration is also pressuring Mexico to prohibit China from selling its metal products indirectly through the U.S. border country.
At the same time, it is launching an investigation into Chinese trade practices across the shipbuilding, maritime and logistics sectors, which could lead to more tariffs.
The measures, set to be unveiled as Biden visits the headquarters of the United Steelworkers union, will invite blowback from China at a time of already heightened tensions between the two biggest economies.
Trump’s imposition of tariffs during his 2017-2021 presidency were followed by China retaliating with its own levies.
Pennsylvania is one of a half-dozen battleground states likely to decide the November election rematch between Biden and Trump. The economy ranks among voters’ top concerns.
KEY VOTING BLOC
Biden and his Republican opponent have each courted union leaders and blue-collar workers in faded industrial hubs who comprise a significant voting bloc in Pennsylvania and Michigan, another swing state.
The steelworkers union, which sought the measures Biden is now adopting, endorsed him last month.
Biden handed the union another win when he came out last month against a proposed $14.9 billion bid by Japan’s Nippon Steel to buy U.S. Steel Corp.
Both 2024 candidates have sharply shifted the pro-trade consensus that once reigned in Washington, capped by China’s joining the World Trade Organization in 2001.
Trump, who withdrew from the would-be Trans-Pacific Partnership trade deal in 2017, has proposed a 10% import tariff on all imports if he returns to office.
China was the seventh-largest exporter of steel to the U.S. in 2023, with shipments of 598,000 net tons, down 8.2% from 2022, according to U.S. Census Bureau data compiled by the American Iron and Steel Institute, an industry trade group.
Canada was the top exporter to the U.S., with 6.9 million tons, followed by Mexico, with 4.2 million tons.
Domestic steelmakers shipped 89.3 million net tons of steel in 2023, according to AISI data.
Any new levies on steel and aluminum would be subject to the approval of Biden’s appointed trade representative, Katherine Tai, at the completion of the review of the Trump-era tariffs.
The new levies would come on top of 25% Section 232 national security tariffs also imposed by Trump on steel and aluminum products and product-specific anti-dumping and anti-subsidy duties that often reach into the triple-digit percentages.
China’s economy grew by a faster-than-expected 5.3% in the first quarter, data showed on Tuesday, as the country has turned to exports to shore up growth in the face of protracted weakness in the property sector and mounting local government debt. The country regards Trump-era tariffs as discriminatory.
Officials said they expected Chinese exports to start flooding global markets, concerns raised by Biden Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen on a trip to the country last week.
China exported 25.8 million tons of steel products in the first quarter, the highest for the period since 2016 and a rise of 30.7% year on year, Chinese customs data showed.
“China cannot export its way to recovery,” said Biden’s top economic policymaker, Lael Brainard, on a call with reporters.